Integrin Activation Pma

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Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an essential role in regulation of fundamental cellular processes, such as cell survival, proliferation and migration. Disregulation of these cellular processes is involved in initiation and/or progression of various diseases. Integrin, a family of cell adhesion molecules, serves as a key determinant for adhesion-dependent cell regulation. The ability of integrin as cell adhesion receptor is dependent on its conformational change that specifies the activation state. We previously found that a peptide derived from fibronectin, termed FNIII14, suppresses cell adhesion to the ECM through inactivation of β1-integrins including VLA-4 and VLA-5. On the other hand, another peptide derived from tenascin-C, TNIIIA2, was shown to exhibit proadhesive effect by activating the same integrins.

Undesirable effects of high concentrations of PMA, have been reported and include activation towards the classically activated M1 state 15,24. Here we found that differentiation of THP-1 cells in high concentrations of PMA ≥ 50 ng/mL) for 3–4 days results in high sensitivity to LPS resulting in significant cell death.

By obtaining these peptides, we are now able to control the integrin activation state, either negatively or positively. In this chapter, we show our recent attempts regarding the clinical application of these peptides. Previous chapter in book. Next chapter in book.